参考文献
修订版作者按：作者不可能参考本书第一版之后问世的所有相关书籍和文章，因而没有对参考文献进行扩充。参考文献列出的，也只是作者挑选出来的、对作者具有特殊价值的作品。不过，作者还是想提一下过去六年间问世的、非常具有针对性的几部著作：Stow Persons ed., Evolutionary Thought in America （New Haven: Yale University Press, 1950），该书有几篇很有价值的论文，这些文章合在一起，为大家展现了该领域的全貌；Philip P. Wiener, Evolution and the Founders of Pragmatism （Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1949），书如其名，详尽论述了书名涵盖的主题；Morton G. White, Social Thought in America （New York: Viking Press, 1949），莫顿·G. 怀特在该书中更为详细地叙述了我在本书后几章中谈到的美国思想的转变；Richard Hofstadter and Walter P. Metzger, The Development of Academic Freedom in the United States （New York: Columbia University Press, 1955），在该书第七章，沃特·P. 梅兹格讨论了达尔文主义对整个美国大学生活和思想的影响。
手稿
萨姆纳：耶鲁大学斯特林纪念图书馆“萨姆纳遗物”区馆藏文献，不包括萨姆纳的私人往来信件。现有文献中，学术生涯之前的部分稍微偏多一些。
沃德：布朗大学海约翰图书馆馆藏莱斯特·沃德文献，主体部分是沃德收到的书信，共13卷。对有兴趣了解沃德的影响的读者，这些信件相当有价值。其中最有信息价值的信件，已收入由伯恩哈德·J. 斯特恩（Bernhard J. Stern）编辑出版的沃德文集，后面会列出此书。沃德的藏书中，有几本载有大有讲究的评注，这为他的学术兴趣和学术观点提供了独特的证据。
研究这一时期美国思想的学者非常幸运，有大量已经印刷出版的私人信件可以利用。下面列举的具体书信集以及传记材料，广泛选自查尔斯·达尔文、赫伯特·斯宾塞、阿萨·格雷、约翰·费斯克、爱德华·利文斯顿·尤曼斯、莱斯特·沃德、威廉·詹姆斯、亨利·亚当斯、西奥多·罗斯福及其他人等的往来书信。
期刊
American Journal of Sociology, Chicago, 1896–1920.
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,Philadelphia, 1890–1910.
Appleton’s Journal, New York, 1867–1881.
Arena, Boston 1889–1899; New York, 1899–1904.
Atlantic Monthly, Boston, 1860–1920.
Forum, New York, 1886–1915.
Galaxy, New York, 1866–1878.
Independent, New York, 1860–1890.
International Socialist Review, Chicago, 1900–1910.
Journal of Heredity, Washington, 1910–1919.
Journal of Political Economy, Chicago, 1893–1915.
Journal of Speculative Philosophy, St. Louis, 1867–1880.
Nation, New York, 1865–1920.
Nationalist, Boston, 1889–1891.
North American Review, Boston, 1860–1877; New York, 1878–1915.
Popular Science Monthly, New York, 1872–1910.
Psychological Review, Princeton, 1894–1915.
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论文
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