参考文献

本书所涉及的时期,除去有关荷兰的论述外,约计6年,即从1776年到1781年。VCy中华典藏网

构成本书主体的几个题材,包括对“安德鲁·多利亚”号鸣放礼炮,有关荷兰共和国的论述,这个时期以罗德尼上将为中心的海战,北美南部的陆上战斗,最后还包括通向约克镇围困的长途跋涉等。有关这些题材已经出版或者未出版的材料之多,远远超过我的预想,而将这些材料一道列入通常的参考书目亦过于庞杂。因此我对使用过的材料加以选择,仅列出有限的书目,尽量遴选、列举出对我撰写本书,或者对那些想进一步研究这个问题的人最有价值的著作。VCy中华典藏网

材料来源见“注释”,已标出书中相应页码,同时从文中选出标记性词汇。著作名均可在“参考文献”相应作者名下查到。如该作者著作不止一本,则相关著作特别标明。VCy中华典藏网

字母“q.”标明材料系从第二手材料中引出。VCy中华典藏网

有关议会议程的材料可在《大不列颠,议会》(Great Britain,Parliament)相关卷宗相关日期下查到。VCy中华典藏网

参考著作选录VCy中华典藏网

有关“安德鲁·多利亚”号最完善的材料是J·富兰克林·詹姆森(J. Franklin Jameson)的《美国革命时的圣尤斯特歇斯岛》(St. Eustatius in the American Revolution),有关美国海军草创时期的材料见威廉·贝尔·克拉克(William Bell Clark)的《美国革命的海军文件》(Naval Documents of the American Revolution)和塞缪尔·艾略特·莫里森上将(Admiral Samuel Eliot Morison)的《约翰·保罗·琼斯:一个海员的传记》(John Paul Jones: A Sailor’s Biography)。VCy中华典藏网

关于荷兰共和国,除了必读的约翰·莱思罗普·莫特利(John Lathrop Motley)的著作外,有关荷兰反叛和建国更现代、更优秀的著述还有比德鲁斯·约翰尼斯·布洛克(Petrus Johannes Blok)的《荷兰人民史》(History of the People of the Netherlands),C·M·戴维斯(C. M. Davies)的《荷兰历史及荷兰民族》(The History of Holland and the Dutch Nation),以及查尔斯·博克瑟(Charles Boxer)的《荷兰海上帝国》(The Dutch Seaborne Empire)。VCy中华典藏网

就我书中所涉及的历史阶段而言,目前最有参考价值的是诺德霍尔特·舒尔特(Nordholt Schulte)的《荷兰共和国及美国独立》(The Dutch Republic and American Independence),此书对各方面均有涉及。VCy中华典藏网

有关罗德尼上将共有四种传记。第一部奠基之作是1830年出版的由罗德尼女婿乔治·B·芒迪中将(Lieutenant-General George B. Mundy)撰写的,此书收录了大部分通信材料,但是根据该书的编辑乔治·比利亚斯(George Bilias)的说法,芒迪“对原信用词多有擅改之处”(见1972年版第1卷第9页前言)。罗德尼尚健在时,在芒迪的作品出版后,海军传记作家戴维·汉内于1891也出版了他的传记。之后又出版了两种现代版的传记,分别是1963年出版的唐纳德·麦金太尔上尉(Captain Donald Maclntyre)的作品,以及1969年出版的戴维·斯平尼(David Spinney)的作品。VCy中华典藏网

关于海战的概述,首屈一指的是阿尔弗雷德·塞耶·马汉的《海权对历史的影响》(Influence of Sea Power upon Histor);有关海上生活的不可或缺的材料是托比亚斯·斯摩莱特的小说《罗德里克·朗德姆》(Roderick Random),而有关船帆及火炮操纵最有参考价值的则是莫里森上将的《约翰·保罗·琼斯》(John Paul Jones)。有关我作品所涉及阶段的海军历史方面最有价值的是W·M·詹姆斯上尉(Captain W. M. James)的《逆境中的英国海军》(The British Navy in Adversity),和查尔斯·李·刘易斯(Charles Lee Lewis)的《格拉斯上将及美国独立》(Admiral de Grasse and American Independence)。A·B·C·惠普尔(A. B. C. Whipple)的《风帆战舰》(Fighting Sail)提供了很好的补充。讲述切萨皮克湾海战的哈罗德·A·拉腊比(Harold A. Larrabee)的《切萨皮克湾的决定》(Decision at the Chesapeake)内容有限,但可读性很强。VCy中华典藏网

欧内斯特上校和特雷弗·迪普伊的《革命战争简明历史》(The Compact History of the Revolutionary War)是对当时的美洲陆上战争的军事指南。对于普通读者而言,如欲对当时阶段有全面而生动的了解,我向他们推荐约翰·C·米勒(John C. Miller)的《自由的胜利:1775-1783》(Triumph of Freedom 1775—1783),和塞缪尔·B·格里菲思(Samuel B. Griffith)的《捍卫公共自由》(In Defense of the Public Liberty)。最重要的材料见道格拉斯·索撒尔·弗里曼(Douglas Southall Freeman)七卷本的《乔治·华盛顿》(George Washington),约翰·菲茨帕特里克(John Fitzpatrick)编辑的39卷本的华盛顿《文集》(Writings),佩奇·史密斯(Page Smith)的三卷本的约翰·亚当斯传记及通信,以及专门性研究,例如塞缪尔·弗拉格·比米斯(Samuel Flagg Bemis)的《美国外交史》(A Diplomatic History of the United States 。VCy中华典藏网

关于约克镇战役本身,有两部经过详加考证并引证当事人言论的优秀著作,托马斯·J·弗莱明(Thomas J. Fleming)的《最后一次擂响战鼓》(Beat the Last Drum),和伯克·戴维斯(Burke Davis)的《赢得美国的那场战役》(The Campaign That Won America)。VCy中华典藏网

有关从哈德孙河到约克镇的长征,有6个当事人的日记颇具价值:法军陆军军需兵司令兼军需局局长(the Commissary or Quartermaster for the French army)克劳德·布朗夏尔(Claude Blanchard)的日记,罗尚博将军助手(Aide to General Rochambeau)路德维希·冯·克洛森男爵的日记,法军总参谋部加斯帕德·加勒廷少校的日记,罗尚博自己的回忆录,尤为难得的是在格拉斯手下服务的瑞典中尉卡尔·古斯塔夫·特恩奎斯特的日记,以及由两名匿名法国军官撰写的《格拉斯伯爵率领下法国舰队的战役》(Operations of the French Fleet Under the Count de Grasse)。VCy中华典藏网

英国并无第一手有关美国战争概述的著作。考虑到战争的结果,这可以理解,但例外的是亨利·克林顿爵士战后撰写的惨兮兮的著述。可以弥补这种缺憾的是富兰克林和玛丽·威克怀尔(Franklin and Mary Wickwire)聚焦于康沃利斯勋爵在美国的战役的精心之作,还有已经过世的威廉·威尔科克斯教授(Professor William Willcox)对亨利·克林顿爵士所做的心理描写。在英国人所记的日记中,最有意思的是弗雷德里克·麦肯齐上尉的日记,在总司令部撰写,观察敏锐,文笔犀利。VCy中华典藏网

英国人所记的不直接与战争相关,但有关社会生活的日记很多,价值亦高,包括N. 威廉·拉克索尔爵士的《回忆录》(Memoirs),曾任英国驻海牙和圣彼得堡公使的马姆斯伯里伯爵一世詹姆斯·哈里斯(James Harris)的日记,约翰·赫尼奇·杰西(John Heneage Jesse)的回忆录,尤其重要的是霍勒斯·沃波尔的《最后日记》(Last Journals)。VCy中华典藏网

原始材料VCy中华典藏网

Adams,John,The Book of Abigail and John. Butterfield,Lyman,ed. Harvard,1963.VCy中华典藏网

——,Works,10 vols. Adams,Charles Francis,ed. New York,1850-1856.VCy中华典藏网

Anonymous,Operations of the French Fleet Under the Count de Grasse Two Contemporaneous Journals in 1781-1782. New York,1864.VCy中华典藏网

Biron,Armand Louis — see Lauzun.VCy中华典藏网

Blanchard,Claude,Journal of 1780-83. Trans. Albany,1867.VCy中华典藏网

Clark,William Bell,ed.,Naval Documents of the American Revolution,vol. 7. Washington,1976.VCy中华典藏网

Clinton Cornwallis Controversy,6 pamphlets,2 vols. Stevens,Benjamin F.,ed. London,1888.VCy中华典藏网

Clinton,Sir Henry,The American Rebellion (Sir Henry Clinton’s narrative of his campaign). Willcox,William B.,ed. New Haven,1954.VCy中华典藏网

Closen,Baron Ludwig von,The Revolutionary Journal of 1780-1783. Trans. Chapel Hill,1958.VCy中华典藏网

Continental Congress,Journals of(Index to papers of),34 vols. Ford,Chancy,ed. National Archives,U. S. Government Printing Office,Washington,D.C.,1921-26.VCy中华典藏网

Cornwallis,Charles,First Marquis,Correspondence,3 vols. Ross,Charles,ed. London,1859.VCy中华典藏网

Crevecoeur,J. Hector St. John,Letters from an American Farmer. First published 1782;Modern edition,London,1912.VCy中华典藏网

Deux-Ponts,Count William de,My Campaigns in America. Boston,1868.VCy中华典藏网

Fitzpatrick — see Washington.VCy中华典藏网

Fortescue — see George III.VCy中华典藏网

Gallatin,Gaspard(Etat Major of the French army and Colonel of the Deux-Ponts regiment),Journal of the Siege of Yorktown in 1781 of the Royal Deux-Ponts. U. S. Government Printing Office,Washington,D.C.,1931.VCy中华典藏网

George III,Correspondence from 1760 to December,1783,6 vols. Fortescue,John,ed.London,1927-1928.VCy中华典藏网

Great Britain,Parliament,The History,Debates and Proceedings of the Houses of Parliament of Great Britain,1743-1774.VCy中华典藏网

Greene,Nathanael,The Papers of General Nathanael Greene,4 vols. R.I. Historical Society,1976 et seq.VCy中华典藏网

Harris,James — see Malmesbury.VCy中华典藏网

James,Bartholomew,Rear Admiral,Journal of 1752-1828. London,1896.VCy中华典藏网

Jesse,John Heneage,Memoirs of the Life and Reign of George III,3 vols. London,1867.VCy中华典藏网

Lauzun,Armand Louis de Gontaut,Duc de,Memoirs. Trans. Scott Moncrieff,C. K. New York,1928.VCy中华典藏网

Mackenzie,Frederick,Diary of,1775-1781,vol. II. Cambridge,Mass.,1930.VCy中华典藏网

Malmesbury,First Earl of(James Harris),Diaries and Correspondence,4 vols. Ed. by his grandson,the third earl. London,1844.VCy中华典藏网

Maryland,Archives of,vols. 11 and 12,in Journal and Correspondence of the Maryland Council of Safety,August 29,1775,and July 6,1776. Browne,William Hand,ed. Maryland Historical Society,Baltimore,1892.VCy中华典藏网

McDevitt,Robert,Attacked: A British Viewpoint,Tryon’s Raid on Danbury. Chester,Conn.,1974.VCy中华典藏网

Rochambeau,Count de,Memoirs of the Marshal Count de Rochambeau Relative to the War of Independence of the United States. Trans. Paris,1809 and 1838; New York,1971.VCy中华典藏网

——,The American Campaign of Rochambeau’s Army; vol. II,Itineraries,Maps and Views.Trans. Rice,Howard,and Brown,Anne S. K.,eds. Princeton and Providence,1972.VCy中华典藏网

Rodney,George,Lord(see Mundy),Letter-Books and Order Book of George,Lord Rodney,1780-1872,2 vols. New York,1932.VCy中华典藏网

Sandwich Papers,4 vols. Barnes,G. R.,and Owen,J. H.,eds. London,1932-38.VCy中华典藏网

Scott — see Washington.VCy中华典藏网

Sparks — see Washington.VCy中华典藏网

Stevens,Benjamin F.,Facsimiles of mss. in European archives relating to America,25 vols.London,1889-95.VCy中华典藏网

Tornquist,Karl Gustaf,The Naval Campaigns of Count de Grasse. Trans. Philadelphia,1942.VCy中华典藏网

Townshend,Charles Hervey,The British Invasion of New Haven,Connecticut. New Haven,1879. Contains contemporary material from the Connecticut Journal of July,1779,about the raid.VCy中华典藏网

Walpole,Horace,Correspondence,48 vols. Lewis,W. S.,ed. New Haven,1937-83.VCy中华典藏网

——,Last Journals ,during the reign of George III,1771-1783),2 vols. Stewart,A.Francis,ed. London,1910.VCy中华典藏网

Washington,George,The Correspondence of General Washington and Comte de Grasse.Scott,James Brown,ed. Washington,D.C.,1931.VCy中华典藏网

——,Diaries,4 vols. Fitzpatrick,John C.,ed. Boston,New York,1975.VCy中华典藏网

——,Writings,39 vols. Fitzpatrick,John C.,ed. Washington,D.C.,1931-44.VCy中华典藏网

——,Writings,12 vols. Sparks,Jared,ed. Boston,1831-1837.VCy中华典藏网

Wraxall,Sir N. William,Historical Memoirs of My Own Time,1772-1784. Philadelphia,1837.VCy中华典藏网

二手材料VCy中华典藏网

Aldridge,Alfred Owen,Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia and New York,1965.VCy中华典藏网

Augur,Helen,The Secret War of Independence. New York,1955.VCy中华典藏网

Bancroft,George,History of the United States of America,6 vols. Boston,1876.VCy中华典藏网

Bass,Robert D.,The Green Dragoon (life of Banastre Tarleton). New York,1957.VCy中华典藏网

Bemis,Samuel Flagg,A Diplomatic History of the United States. New Haven,1936.VCy中华典藏网

Blok,Petrus Johannes,History of the People of the Netherlands,5 vols,(parts); Part III,The War with Spain 1568-1648. London and New York,1912.VCy中华典藏网

Boulton,William B.,Sir Joshua Reynolds. New York,1905.VCy中华典藏网

Boxer,Charles,The Dutch Seaborne Empire 1600-1800. New York,1965.VCy中华典藏网

Brooke,John,King George III. New York,1972.VCy中华典藏网

Bruin,Fred de,St. Eustatius “A Golden Link with the Independence of the United States,”De Halve Maen,Quarterly Journal of the Holland Society of New York,vol. 58,no. 2,New York,1984.VCy中华典藏网

Burch,Jr.,Lucius E.,“The Guns of Statia.”Pamphlet,1966.VCy中华典藏网

Callender,Geoffrey,Sea Kings of Britain: Keppel to Nelson,vol. III. London and New York,1911.VCy中华典藏网

Carmer,Carl,The Hudson. New York,1939.VCy中华典藏网

Carter,Alice,“The Dutch as Neutrals in the Seven Years War,”International &Comparative Law Quarterly. July,1963.VCy中华典藏网

Clowes,William Lairo,The Royal Navy,vol. IV. London,1899.VCy中华典藏网

Corwin,Edward S.,French Policy and the American Alliance of 1778. Princeton,1916.VCy中华典藏网

Davies,C. M.,The History of Holland and the Dutch Nation. London,1851.VCy中华典藏网

Davis,Burke,The Campaign That Won America. New York,1970.VCy中华典藏网

Doniol,Henri,Histoire de la Participation de la France à L’Etablissement des Etats-Unis d’Amérique,5 vols. Paris,1890.VCy中华典藏网

Dupuy,R. Ernest and Trevor N.,The Compact History of the Revolutionary War. New York,1963.VCy中华典藏网

Edler,Friedrich,The Dutch Republic and the American Revolution. Baltimore,1911.VCy中华典藏网

Fleming,Thomas J.,Beat the Last Drum. New York,1963.VCy中华典藏网

Freeman,Douglas Southall,George Washington; A Biography,7 vols. New York,1952.VCy中华典藏网

Garraty,John A.,and Gay,Peter,Columbia History of the World. New York,1972.VCy中华典藏网

Geyl,Pieter,The Revolt of the Netherlands,2nd ed. London,1958.VCy中华典藏网

Gottschalk,Louis,and Lach,Donald,Toward the French Revolution; Europe and America in the 18th Century World. New York,1973.VCy中华典藏网

Griffith,Samuel B.,In Defense of the Public Liberty. New York,1976.VCy中华典藏网

Gruber,Ira D.,The Howe Brothers and the American Revolution. Williamsburg,Va.,1972.VCy中华典藏网

Haley,K. H. D.,The Dutch in the 17th Century. London,1972.VCy中华典藏网

Hannay,David,Rodney. Boston,1972. First published London,1891.VCy中华典藏网

Harris,James — see Malmesbury.VCy中华典藏网

Hart,Francis Russell,Admirals of the Caribbean. Boston and New York,1922.VCy中华典藏网

Hartog,J.,History of St. Eustatius. U.S. Bicentennial Committee of the Netherlands,1976.Aruba,Netherlands,Antilles.VCy中华典藏网

Haslip,Joan,Catherine the Great. New York,1977.VCy中华典藏网

Hood,Dorothy,The Admirals Hood. London,1942.VCy中华典藏网

Hough,R.,The Greatest Crusade. New York,1986.VCy中华典藏网

James,Captain W. M.,The British Navy in Adversity. London,1926.VCy中华典藏网

Jameson,J. Franklin,“St. Eustatius in the American Revolution,” American Historical Review,vol. 8,July,1903.VCy中华典藏网

Johnston,Henry P.,The Yorktown Campaign and the Surrender of Cornwallis,New York,1881.VCy中华典藏网

Kennedy,Paul M.,The Rise and Fall of British Naval Mastery. New York,1976.VCy中华典藏网

King,Lester S.,The Medical World of the 18th Century. Chicago,Toronto and Cambridge,1958.VCy中华典藏网

Larrabee,Harold A.,Decision at the Chesapeake. New York,1964.VCy中华典藏网

Lewis,Charles Lee,Admiral de Grasse and American Independence. Annapolis,1945.VCy中华典藏网

Lewis,Michael Arthur,England’s Sea Office. London,1939.VCy中华典藏网

——,History of the British Navy. London,1957.VCy中华典藏网

Lorenz,Lincoln,John Paul Jones. Annapolis,1943.VCy中华典藏网

Macaulay,T. B.,Critical and Historical Essays,2 vols. London,Toronto,New York,1907. MacIntyre,Captain Donald,RN,Admiral Rodney. New York,1963.VCy中华典藏网

Mackesy,Piers,The War for America 1775-1783. Harvard,1964.VCy中华典藏网

Maclay,Edgar S.,A History of American Privateers. New York,1899.VCy中华典藏网

Madariaga,Isabel de,Russia in the Age of Catherine the Great. New Haven,1981.VCy中华典藏网

Mahan,Alfred Thayer,The Influence of Sea Power upon Histor. Boston,1890; 12th ed.,1918.VCy中华典藏网

——,Types of Naval Office. Boston,1901.VCy中华典藏网

Malone,Dumas,Jefferson and His Tim,3 vols. Boston,1962.VCy中华典藏网

Manceron,Claude,Twilight of the Old Order. New York,1977.VCy中华典藏网

Martelli,George,Jemmy Twitcher [Sandwich]. London,1962.VCy中华典藏网

Mejean,Jacques,"Address to the Huguenot Society of America 13 April 1978,"Proceedings,vol. XIII. New York,1978.VCy中华典藏网

Melville,Phillips,“Eleven Guns for the Grand Union.” American Heritage,October,1958.VCy中华典藏网

Merlant,Joachim,Soldiers and Sailors of France in the American War for Independence.Trans. New York,1920.VCy中华典藏网

Miller,John C,Triumph of Freedom 1775-1783. Boston,1948.VCy中华典藏网

Mintz,Sidney,Sweetness and Power; The Place of Sugar in Modern History. New York,1985.VCy中华典藏网

Mitchell,Harold,Europe in the Caribbean. Edinburgh,Stanford,Calif.,1963.VCy中华典藏网

Morison,Samuel Eliot,History of the American People. New York,1965.VCy中华典藏网

——,John Paul Jones: A Sailor’s Biography. Boston and New York,1959.VCy中华典藏网

Morris,Richard B.,and Commager,Henry S.,Encyclopedia of American History,6th ed.New York,1953-1982.VCy中华典藏网

Motley,John Lathrop,Rise of the Dutch Republic,3 vols. New York,1875-78.VCy中华典藏网

Mundy,Lieutenant-General George B.,The Life and Correspondence of the Late Admiral Rodney,2 vols. London,1830. New ed. 1836(in 1 vol).VCy中华典藏网

Namier,Lewis,The Structure of Politics. London,1957.VCy中华典藏网

Nordholt,Jan Willem — see Schulte.VCy中华典藏网

Palmer,R. R.,and Coulton,Joel,A History of the Modern World. New York,1962.VCy中华典藏网

Parry,J. H.,Trade and Dominion; European Overseas Empires in the 18th Century. Londonand New York,1971.VCy中华典藏网

Prescott,Benjamin F.,“The Stars and Stripes. When,Where and by Whom was it First Saluted?” Republican Press Association,Concord,N.H.,1876.VCy中华典藏网

Schama,Simon,Patriots and Liberators; Revolution in the Netherlands 1790-1813. New York,1978.VCy中华典藏网

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